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Perched closely together on a rough-hewn wooden railing are two House Sparrows (Passer domesticus), with the bird on the right… Perched closely together on a rough-hewn wooden railing are two House Sparrows (Passer domesticus), with the bird on the right clearly displaying the adult males breeding characteristics. The male is immediately distinguished by his sharp grey crown and a conspicuous black bib that extends across the throat and upper chest, a sign of his social dominance. This contrasts with the rich chestnut-brown patch on the back of his neck, and the streaked brown and black plumage on his wings. The bird on the left, possibly a female or a young male, exhibits a plainer, buff-brown head with a distinct pale stripe behind the eye, lacking the male’s definitive black bib. Both birds share the robust, conical bills and strong feet necessary for their commensal, seed-heavy existence in human-modified landscapes globally.